15.12.2020

Pl Sql Insert And Reference Key Generated Always

Prerequisites

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For you to insert rows into a table, the table must be in your own schema or you must have the INSERT object privilege on the table.

A PL/SQL-only extension of the INSERT statement lets you insert records into database rows, using a single variable of type RECORD or%ROWTYPE in the VALUES clause instead of a list of fields. That makes your code more readable and maintainable. 5 Using PL/SQL Collections and Records. Many programming techniques use collection types such as arrays, bags, lists, nested tables, sets, and trees. You can model these types in database applications using the PL/SQL datatypes TABLE and VARRAY, which allow you to declare nested tables, associative arrays, and variable-size arrays.

For you to insert rows into the base table of a view, the owner of the schema containing the view must have the INSERT object privilege on the base table. Also, if the view is in a schema other than your own, then you must have the INSERT object privilege on the view.

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If you have the INSERTANYTABLE system privilege, then you can also insert rows into any table or the base table of any view.

You must also have the READ or SELECT object privilege on the table into which you want to insert rows if the table is on a remote database.

Conventional and Direct-Path INSERT

You can use the INSERT statement to insert data into a table, partition, or view in two ways: conventional INSERT and direct-path INSERT. When you issue a conventional INSERT statement, Oracle Database reuses free space in the table into which you are inserting and maintains referential integrity constraints. With direct-path INSERT, the database appends the inserted data after existing data in the table. Data is written directly into data files, bypassing the buffer cache. Free space in the existing data is not reused. This alternative enhances performance during insert operations and is similar to the functionality of the Oracle direct-path loader utility, SQL*Loader. When you insert into a table that has been created in parallel mode, direct-path INSERT is the default.

The manner in which the database generates redo and undo data depends in part on whether you are using conventional or direct-path INSERT:

Conventional INSERT always generates maximal redo and undo for changes to both data and metadata, regardless of the logging setting of the table and the archivelog and force logging settings of the database.
Direct-path INSERT generates both redo and undo for metadata changes, because these are needed for operation recovery. For data changes, undo and redo are generated as follows:
- Direct-path INSERT always bypasses undo generation for data changes.
- If the database is not in ARCHIVELOG or FORCELOGGING mode, then no redo is generated for data changes, regardless of the logging setting of the table.
- If the database is in ARCHIVELOG mode (but not in FORCELOGGING mode), then direct-path INSERT generates data redo for LOGGING tables but not for NOLOGGINGTotal war warhammer 2 key generator. tables.
- If the database is in ARCHIVELOGandFORCELOGGING mode, then direct-path SQL generate data redo for both LOGGING and NOLOGGING tables.

Direct-path INSERT is subject to a number of restrictions. If any of these restrictions is violated, then Oracle Database executes conventional INSERT serially without returning any message, unless otherwise noted:

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You can have multiple direct-path INSERT statements in a single transaction, with or without other DML statements. However, after one DML statement alters a particular table, partition, or index, no other DML statement in the transaction can access that table, partition, or index.
Queries that access the same table, partition, or index are allowed before the direct-path INSERT statement, but not after it.
If any serial or parallel statement attempts to access a table that has already been modified by a direct-path INSERT in the same transaction, then the database returns an error and rejects the statement.
The target table cannot be of a cluster.
The target table cannot contain object type columns.
Direct-path INSERT is not supported for an index-organized table (IOT) if it has a mapping table, or if it is reference by a materialized view.
Direct-path INSERT into a single partition of an index-organized table (IOT), into a partitioned IOT with only one partition, or into an IOT that is not partitioned, will be done serially, even if the IOT was created in parallel mode or you specify the APPEND or APPEND_VALUES hint. However, direct-path INSERT operations into a partitioned IOT will honor parallel mode as long as the partition-extended name is not used and the IOT has more than one partition.
The target table cannot have any triggers or referential integrity constraints defined on it.
The target table cannot be replicated.
A transaction containing a direct-path INSERT statement cannot be or become distributed.

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You cannot query or modify direct-path inserted data immediately after the insert is complete. If you attempt to do so, an ORA-12838 error is generated. You must first issue a COMMIT statement before attempting to read or modify the newly-inserted data.